Abstract
The Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S<sup>4</sup>G) is the largest available database of deep, homogeneous middle-infrared (mid-IR) images of galaxies of all types. The survey, which includes 2352 nearby galaxies, reveals galaxy morphology only minimally affected by interstellar extinction. This paper presents an atlas and classifications of S<sup>4</sup>G galaxies in the Comprehensive de Vaucouleurs revised Hubble-Sandage (CVRHS) system. The CVRHS system follows the precepts of classical de Vaucouleurs morphology, modified to include recognition of other features such as inner, outer, and nuclear lenses, nuclear rings, bars, and disks, spheroidal galaxies, X patterns and box/peanut structures, OLR subclass outer rings and pseudorings, bar ansae and barlenses, parallel sequence late-types, thick disks, and embedded disks in 3D early-type systems. We show that our CVRHS classifications are internally consistent, and that nearly half of the S<sup>4</sup>G sample consists of extreme late-type systems (mostly bulgeless, pure disk galaxies) in the range Scd-Im. The most common family classification for mid-IR types S0/a to Sc is SA while that for types Scd to Sm is SB. The bars in these two type domains are very different in mid-IR structure and morphology. This paper examines the bar, ring, and type classification fractions in the sample, and also includes several montages of images highlighting the various kinds of "stellar structures" seen in mid-IR galaxy morphology.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Article number | 32 |
| Journal | Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series |
| Volume | 217 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Apr 1 2015 |
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Keywords
- atlases
- galaxies: elliptical and lenticular
- galaxies: irregular
- galaxies: spiral
- galaxies: structure
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Cite this
A classical morphological analysis of galaxies in the spitzer survey of stellar structure in galaxies (S<sup>4</sup>G). / Buta, Ronald J.; Sheth, Kartik; Athanassoula, E.; Bosma, A.; Knapen, Johan H.; Laurikainen, Eija; Salo, Heikki; Elmegreen, Debra; Ho, Luis C.; Zaritsky, Dennis F; Courtois, Helene; Hinz, Joannah L.; Munoz-Mateos, Juan Carlos; Kim, Taehyun; Regan, Michael W.; Gadotti, Dimitri A.; Paz, Armando Gil De; Laine, Jarkko; Menendez-Delmestre, Karln; Comeron, Sebastien; Ferrer, Santiago Erroz; Seibert, Mark; Mizusawa, Trisha; Holwerda, Benne; Madore, Barry F.
In: Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, Vol. 217, No. 2, 32, 01.04.2015.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - A classical morphological analysis of galaxies in the spitzer survey of stellar structure in galaxies (S4G)
AU - Buta, Ronald J.
AU - Sheth, Kartik
AU - Athanassoula, E.
AU - Bosma, A.
AU - Knapen, Johan H.
AU - Laurikainen, Eija
AU - Salo, Heikki
AU - Elmegreen, Debra
AU - Ho, Luis C.
AU - Zaritsky, Dennis F
AU - Courtois, Helene
AU - Hinz, Joannah L.
AU - Munoz-Mateos, Juan Carlos
AU - Kim, Taehyun
AU - Regan, Michael W.
AU - Gadotti, Dimitri A.
AU - Paz, Armando Gil De
AU - Laine, Jarkko
AU - Menendez-Delmestre, Karln
AU - Comeron, Sebastien
AU - Ferrer, Santiago Erroz
AU - Seibert, Mark
AU - Mizusawa, Trisha
AU - Holwerda, Benne
AU - Madore, Barry F.
PY - 2015/4/1
Y1 - 2015/4/1
N2 - The Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) is the largest available database of deep, homogeneous middle-infrared (mid-IR) images of galaxies of all types. The survey, which includes 2352 nearby galaxies, reveals galaxy morphology only minimally affected by interstellar extinction. This paper presents an atlas and classifications of S4G galaxies in the Comprehensive de Vaucouleurs revised Hubble-Sandage (CVRHS) system. The CVRHS system follows the precepts of classical de Vaucouleurs morphology, modified to include recognition of other features such as inner, outer, and nuclear lenses, nuclear rings, bars, and disks, spheroidal galaxies, X patterns and box/peanut structures, OLR subclass outer rings and pseudorings, bar ansae and barlenses, parallel sequence late-types, thick disks, and embedded disks in 3D early-type systems. We show that our CVRHS classifications are internally consistent, and that nearly half of the S4G sample consists of extreme late-type systems (mostly bulgeless, pure disk galaxies) in the range Scd-Im. The most common family classification for mid-IR types S0/a to Sc is SA while that for types Scd to Sm is SB. The bars in these two type domains are very different in mid-IR structure and morphology. This paper examines the bar, ring, and type classification fractions in the sample, and also includes several montages of images highlighting the various kinds of "stellar structures" seen in mid-IR galaxy morphology.
AB - The Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) is the largest available database of deep, homogeneous middle-infrared (mid-IR) images of galaxies of all types. The survey, which includes 2352 nearby galaxies, reveals galaxy morphology only minimally affected by interstellar extinction. This paper presents an atlas and classifications of S4G galaxies in the Comprehensive de Vaucouleurs revised Hubble-Sandage (CVRHS) system. The CVRHS system follows the precepts of classical de Vaucouleurs morphology, modified to include recognition of other features such as inner, outer, and nuclear lenses, nuclear rings, bars, and disks, spheroidal galaxies, X patterns and box/peanut structures, OLR subclass outer rings and pseudorings, bar ansae and barlenses, parallel sequence late-types, thick disks, and embedded disks in 3D early-type systems. We show that our CVRHS classifications are internally consistent, and that nearly half of the S4G sample consists of extreme late-type systems (mostly bulgeless, pure disk galaxies) in the range Scd-Im. The most common family classification for mid-IR types S0/a to Sc is SA while that for types Scd to Sm is SB. The bars in these two type domains are very different in mid-IR structure and morphology. This paper examines the bar, ring, and type classification fractions in the sample, and also includes several montages of images highlighting the various kinds of "stellar structures" seen in mid-IR galaxy morphology.
KW - atlases
KW - galaxies: elliptical and lenticular
KW - galaxies: irregular
KW - galaxies: spiral
KW - galaxies: structure
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84928643562&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84928643562&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/32
DO - 10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/32
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84928643562
VL - 217
JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
SN - 0067-0049
IS - 2
M1 - 32
ER -