@article{cda007c1ae594041be46a2cbd49bfa06,
title = "An Overview of Interactions and Feedbacks Between Ice Sheets and the Earth System",
abstract = "Ice sheet response to forced changes—such as that from anthropogenic climate forcing—is closely regulated by two-way interactions with other components of the Earth system. These interactions encompass the ice sheet response to Earth system forcing, the Earth system response to ice sheet change, and feedbacks resulting from coupled ice sheet/Earth system evolution. Motivated by the impact of Antarctic and Greenland ice sheet change on future sea level rise, here we review the state of knowledge of ice sheet/Earth system interactions and feedbacks. We also describe emerging observation and model-based methods that can improve understanding of ice sheet/Earth system interactions and feedbacks. We particularly focus on the development of Earth system models that incorporate current understanding of Earth system processes, ice dynamics, and ice sheet/Earth system couplings. Such models will be critical tools for projecting future sea level rise from anthropogenically forced ice sheet mass loss.",
keywords = "Earth system, climate change, feedbacks, ice sheets, modeling, observations",
author = "Jeremy Fyke and Olga Sergienko and Marcus L{\"o}fverstr{\"o}m and Stephen Price and Lenaerts, {Jan T.M.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank the following people for valuable discussions in the course of writing this review: Twila Moon, Fiamma Straneo, Matthew Hoffman, Gerard Roe, Hansi Singh, and Jason Briner. To carry out this work, Jeremy Fyke and Stephen Price were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Earth System Modeling Program. Marcus Lofverstrom was sponsored by U.S. DOE Office of Science cooperative agreement DOE-BER award DE-SC0012606. Jan Lenaerts is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant 80NSSC17K0565. Olga Sergienko was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant OPP-1246151 and by awards NA14OAR4320106 and NA13OAR431009 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or the U.S. Department of Commerce. We thank Brice Noe{\"I} and Melchior van Wessem (IMAU, Utrecht University) for providing the RACMO2 model output. We also thank E. Fischer and two anonymous referees for their constructive criticisms and useful suggestions that improved the manuscript. No new data were used in producing this manuscript. Funding Information: The authors thank the following people for valuable discussions in the course of writing this review: Twila Moon, Fiamma Straneo, Matthew Hoffman, Gerard Roe, Hansi Singh, and Jason Briner. To carry out this work, Jeremy Fyke and Stephen Price were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science, Biological and Environmental Research (BER), Earth System Modeling Program. Marcus Lofverstrom was sponsored by U.S. DOE Office of Science cooperative agreement DOE-BER award DE-SC0012606. Jan Lenaerts is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant 80NSSC17K0565. Olga Sergienko was supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grant OPP-1246151 and by awards NA14OAR4320106 and NA13OAR431009 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The statements, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or the U.S. Department of Commerce. We thank Brice Noe¨l and Melchior van Wessem (IMAU, Utrecht University) for providing the RACMO2 model output. We also thank E. Fischer and two anonymous referees for their constructive criticisms and useful suggestions that improved the manuscript. No new data were used in producing this manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}2018. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.",
year = "2018",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1029/2018RG000600",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "56",
pages = "361--408",
journal = "Reviews of Geophysics",
issn = "8755-1209",
publisher = "American Geophysical Union",
number = "2",
}