@article{24d6de0dad594061ad31ce12544a1c5b,
title = "Co-occurrence of Acheulian and Oldowan artifacts with Homo erectus cranial fossils from Gona, Afar, Ethiopia",
abstract = "Although stone tools generally co-occur with early members of the genus Homo, they are rarely found in direct association with hominins. We report that both Acheulian and Oldowan artifacts and Homo erectus crania were found in close association at 1.26 million years (Ma) ago at Busidima North (BSN12), and ca. 1.6 to 1.5 Ma ago at Dana Aoule North (DAN5) archaeological sites at Gona, Afar, Ethiopia. The BSN12 partial cranium is robust and large, while the DAN5 cranium is smaller and more gracile, suggesting that H. erectus was probably a sexually dimorphic species. The evidence from Gona shows behavioral diversity and flexibility with a lengthy and concurrent use of both stone technologies by H. erectus, confounding a simple “single species/single technology” view of early Homo.",
author = "Sileshi Semaw and Rogers, {Michael J.} and Simpson, {Scott W.} and Levin, {Naomi E.} and Jay Quade and Nelia Dunbar and McIntosh, {William C.} and Isabel C{\'a}ceres and Stinchcomb, {Gary E.} and Holloway, {Ralph L.} and Brown, {Francis H.} and Butler, {Robert F.} and Dietrich Stout and Melanie Everett",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments: We would like to thank the ARCCH, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and the Afar State, Ethiopia for the Research permit. L. Morgan and B. Haileab were instrumental in helping with tephra correlations. S.S. would like to thank CENIEH staff, particularly M. J. del Bario and B. de Santiago Salinas for administrative assistance. Funding: Major awards and grants were made by G. Getty and the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation. The EU Marie Curie (FP7-PEOPLE-2011-CIG) and MINECO (HAR2013-41351-P) provided major support. Additional funding was provided by the NSF (SBR-9910974 and RHOI BCS-0321893 to T. White and F. C. Howell), the Wenner-Gren Foundation and the National Geographic Society, and major gratitude also to the continuous support of the John and Lois Rogers Trust. In addition, gratitude goes to CRAFT, Stone Age Institute for supporting earlier part of this research. Spanish Government no. CGL2015-65387-C3-1-P (MINECO/FEDER) and Generalitat de Catalunya, AGAUR agency, 2017 SGR 1040 Research Group supported the research by I.C. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1126/sciadv.aaw4694",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "6",
journal = "Science advances",
issn = "2375-2548",
publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",
number = "10",
}