TY - JOUR
T1 - The large-scale environment from cosmological simulations II
T2 - The redshift evolution and distributions of baryons
AU - Cui, Weiguang
AU - Knebe, Alexander
AU - Libeskind, Noam I.
AU - Planelles, Susana
AU - Yang, Xiaohu
AU - Cui, Wei
AU - Davé, Romeel
AU - Kang, Xi
AU - Mostoghiu, Robert
AU - Staveley-Smith, Lister
AU - Wang, Huiyuan
AU - Wang, Peng
AU - Yepes, Gustavo
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the referee for their thorough and thoughtful review of our paper. The authors would like to thank Giuseppe Murante and Stefano Borgani for preparing these simulations, which have been carried out at the CINECA supercomputing Centre in Bologna, with CPU time assigned through ISCRA proposals and with the support from the PRIN-INAF12 grant ‘The Universe in a Box: Multiscale Simulations of Cosmic Structures’, the PRINMIUR 01278X4FL grant ‘Evolution of Cosmic Baryons’, the INDARK INFN grant and ‘Consorzio per la Fisica di Trieste’.
Funding Information:
WC, AK, GY, and RM are supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and the Fondo Europeo de Desar-rollo Regional (MINECO/FEDER, UE) in Spain through grant AYA2015-63810-P. WC further acknowledges the supported by the European Research Council under grant number 670193. AK further acknowledges funding through the Spanish Red Consolider Multi-Dark FPA2017-90566-REDC and thanks Blumfeld for l’etat et moi. NIL acknowledges financial support of the Project IDEXLYON at the University of Lyon under the Investments for the Future Program (ANR-16-IDEX-0005). XY is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC, grant Nos. 11833005, 11621303). WC wishes to acknowledge support by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant No. 2018YFA0404502) and by the NSFC (grant
Funding Information:
No. 11821303). SP is ‘Juan de la Cierva’ fellow (ref. IJCI-2015-26656) of the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO) and acknowledges additional support by the MINECO through the grant AYA2016-77237-C3-3-P. HW acknowledges the support from the NSFC under grant No. 11733004 and 11421303.
Funding Information:
WC, AK, GY, and RM are supported by the Ministerio de Economi? y Competitividad and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (MINECO/FEDER, UE) in Spain through grant AYA2015-63810-P. We further acknowledges the supported by the European Research Council under grant number 670193. AK further acknowledges funding through the Spanish Red Consolider Multi- Dark FPA2017-90566-REDC and thanks Blumfeld for l'etat et moi. NIL acknowledges financial support of the Project IDEXLYON at theUniversity of Lyon under the Investments for the Future Program (ANR-16-IDEX-0005). XY is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC, grant Nos. 11833005, 11621303). We wishes to acknowledge support by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant No. 2018YFA0404502) and by the NSFC (grant No. 11821303). SP is 'Juan de la Cierva' fellow (ref. IJCI-2015-26656) of the Spanish Ministerio de Economi'a y Competitividad (MINECO) and acknowledges additional support by the MINECO through the grant AYA2016-77237-C3-3-P. HW acknowledges the support from the NSFC under grant No. 11733004 and 11421303.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Author(s).
PY - 2019/2/15
Y1 - 2019/2/15
N2 - Following Cui et al. (2018; hereafter Paper I) on the classification of large-scale environments (LSE) at z = 0, we push our analysis to higher redshifts and study the evolution of LSE and the baryon distributions in them. Our aim is to investigate how baryons affect the LSE as a function of redshift. In agreement with Paper I, the baryon models have negligible effect on the LSE overall investigated redshifts. We further validate the conclusion obtained in Paper I that the gas web is an unbiased tracer of total matter - even better at high redshifts. By separating the gas mainly by temperature, we find that about 40 per cent of gas is in the so-called warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). This fraction of gas mass in theWHIM decreases with redshift, especially from z=1 (29 per cent) to z=2.1 (10 per cent). By separating the whole WHIM gas mass into the four large-scale environments (i.e. voids, sheets, filaments, and knots), we find that about half of the WHIM gas is located in filaments. Although the total gas mass inWHIM decreases with redshift, the WHIM mass fractions in the different LSE seem unchanged.
AB - Following Cui et al. (2018; hereafter Paper I) on the classification of large-scale environments (LSE) at z = 0, we push our analysis to higher redshifts and study the evolution of LSE and the baryon distributions in them. Our aim is to investigate how baryons affect the LSE as a function of redshift. In agreement with Paper I, the baryon models have negligible effect on the LSE overall investigated redshifts. We further validate the conclusion obtained in Paper I that the gas web is an unbiased tracer of total matter - even better at high redshifts. By separating the gas mainly by temperature, we find that about 40 per cent of gas is in the so-called warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). This fraction of gas mass in theWHIM decreases with redshift, especially from z=1 (29 per cent) to z=2.1 (10 per cent). By separating the whole WHIM gas mass into the four large-scale environments (i.e. voids, sheets, filaments, and knots), we find that about half of the WHIM gas is located in filaments. Although the total gas mass inWHIM decreases with redshift, the WHIM mass fractions in the different LSE seem unchanged.
KW - Cosmology: miscellaneous
KW - Large-scale structure of Universe
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U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stz565
DO - 10.1093/mnras/stz565
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85072291197
VL - 485
SP - 2367
EP - 2379
JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
SN - 0035-8711
IS - 2
ER -